Source code for ferenda.pdfanalyze

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""A bunch of helper functions for analyzing pdf files."""
from __future__ import (absolute_import, division,
                        print_function, unicode_literals)
from builtins import *

# stdlib
import os
import re
import logging
import json
from collections import Counter, OrderedDict
from io import BytesIO
from itertools import chain
from math import floor, ceil

# 3rd party
from cached_property import cached_property

# mine
from .pdfreader import Page
from ferenda import util


[docs]class PDFAnalyzer(object): """Create a analyzer for the given pdf file. The primary purpose of an analyzer is to determine margins and other spatial metrics of a document, and identifiy common typographic styles for default text, title and headings. This is done by calling the :py:meth:`~ferenda.PDFAnalyzer.metrics` method. The analysis is done in several steps. The properties of all textboxes on each page is collected in several :py:class:`collections.Counter` objects. These counters are then statistically analyzed in a series of functions to yield these metrics. If different analyzis logic, or additional metrics, are desired, this class should be inherited and some methods/properties overridden. :param pdf: The pdf file to analyze. :type pdf: ferenda.PDFReader """ twopage = True """Whether or not the document is expected to have different margins depending on whether it's a even or odd page. """ style_significance_threshold = 0.005 """"The amount of use (as compared to the rest of the document that a style must have to be considered significant. """ header_significance_threshold = 0.002 """The maximum amount (expressed as part of the entire text amount) of text that can occur on the top of the page for it to be considered part of the header. """ # this is suitable for overriding, eg if you know that no pagenumbers # occur in the footer footer_significance_threshold = 0.002 """The maximum amount (expressed as part of the entire text amount) of text that can occur on the bottom of the page for it to be considered part of the footer. """ pagination_min_size = 6 """The minimum size (in points) that a page number can be. Used to distinguish page numbers from footnote numbers, which are typically set in miniscule sizes. """ # FIXME: This should be (re-)set dynamically by observing the # actual metrics. offtryck.py uses {count,analyze}_styles to pick # a size smaller than 'default' def __init__(self, pdf): # FIXME: in time, we'd like to make it possible to specify # multiple pdf files (either because a single logical document # is split into several files, or because the user wants to # analyze a bunch of docs in one go). self.pdf = pdf self.scanned_source = False self.log = logging.getLogger("pdfanalyze") @cached_property def documents(self): """Attempts to distinguish different logical document (eg parts with differing pagesizes/margins/styles etc) within this PDF. You should override this method if you want to provide your own document segmentation logic. :returns: Tuples (startpage, pagecount, tag) for the different identified documents :rtype: list """ return [(0, len(self.pdf), 'main')]
[docs] def paginate(self, paginatepath=None, force=False): """Attempt to identify the real page number from pagination numbers on the page""" if (not force and paginatepath and util.outfile_is_newer([self.pdf.filename], paginatepath)): with open(paginatepath) as fp: return json.load(fp) guesses = [] mapping = OrderedDict() currentpage = 0 misguess = 0 lastpagenumber = 0 for idx, page in enumerate(self.pdf): physical = "%s#page=%s" % (page.src.split(os.sep)[-1], page.number) pageskip = page.number - lastpagenumber lastpagenumber = page.number currentpage = util.increment(currentpage, pageskip) pageguess = self.guess_pagenumber(page, currentpage) if pageguess is None: if len(page) > 0: self.log.debug("physical page %s (%s): Can't guess pagenumber" % (idx,physical)) else: # it's ok for completely blank pages not to have pagenumbers pass guesses.append((physical, currentpage)) # page.number = None else: if pageguess != currentpage: if isinstance(currentpage, str) or isinstance(pageguess, str): # don't try to handle the case where the # expected pagenumber uses roman numerals and # the guessed pagenumbers uses arabic numerals # (ie int) self.log.warning("physical page %s (%s): Assumed page number %s, guess_pagenumber returned %s" % (idx, physical, currentpage, pageguess)) elif (currentpage - pageguess) != misguess: # a not-to-uncommon error is that a page might # lack pagination, but at the same time contain a # numbered heading. This will cause a double # mis-guess when the next page resumes # pagination. Try to adapt to this. FIXME: this # logic is too complicated with state variables # and all. self.log.warning("physical page %s (%s): Expected page number %s, guess_pagenumber returned %s" % (idx, physical, currentpage, pageguess)) misguess = pageguess - currentpage guesses.append((physical, pageguess)) else: self.log.warning("Never mind, physical page %s (%s): guess_pagenumber now returns %s so all is as it should" % (idx, physical, pageguess)) prevphysical = guesses.pop()[0] mapping[prevphysical] = pageguess-1 mapping[physical] = pageguess misguess = 0 else: misguess = 0 mapping[physical] = pageguess currentpage = pageguess # FIXME: if reasonable. Also: handle roman numerals for idx, pageguess in guesses: mapping[idx] = pageguess if paginatepath: util.ensure_dir(paginatepath) with open(paginatepath, "w") as fp: s = json.dumps(mapping, indent=4, separators=(', ', ': ')) fp.write(s) return mapping
[docs] def guess_pagenumber(self, page, probable_pagenumber=1): candidates = self.guess_pagenumber_candidates(page, probable_pagenumber) if len(candidates) > 0: return self.guess_pagenumber_select(candidates, probable_pagenumber)
# else: return None
[docs] def guess_pagenumber_candidates(self, page, probable_pagenumber): candidates = [] for box in self.guess_pagenumber_boxes(page): for el in box: el = el.strip() # Check if el is a traditional number what can be # converted to an int. .isdigit(), .isnumeric() and # .isdecimal() all match too much (eg. superscript # numbers, numbers in non-western scripts etc) # # Also, don't include something that is more likely to # be a year, unless we've already seen a lot of # legitimate pages running up to this. if re.match('[0-9]+$', el) and (int(el) < 1900 or probable_pagenumber >= 1900): candidates.append(int(el)) # the first few pages might use roman numerals elif ((page.number == 1 or util.is_roman(probable_pagenumber)) and util.is_roman(el)): candidates.append(el) # yes, use "iv" instead of 4 return candidates
[docs] def guess_pagenumber_boxes(self, page): """Return a suitable number of textboxes to scan for a possible page number. """ # General logic: The pagenumber is probably among the first 5 # or last 5 boxes on the page, but only boxes larger than a # certain size are eligible (to filter out footnote numbers) return [b for b in list(reversed(page))[:5] + list(page)[:5] if b.font.size >= self.pagination_min_size]
[docs] def guess_pagenumber_select(self, candidates, probable_pagenumber): # now select the most probable candidate if probable_pagenumber in candidates: # this is particularly important if it's a roman numeral return probable_pagenumber try: # return the first candidate that is not smaller than # the predicted pagenumber. But what if we've # miscalculated the very first page (eg thought that # it was page 4 when in reality it was page 1) -- # every subsequent (correctly numbered) page will drop # into the no suitable candidate clause. return next(c for c in sorted(candidates) if c >= probable_pagenumber) except TypeError: # candidates contained a roman numeral maybe? return candidates[0] except StopIteration: # no suitable candidate? return None
[docs] def metrics(self, metricspath=None, plotpath=None, startpage=0, pagecount=None, force=False): """Calculate and return the metrics for this analyzer. metrics is a set of named properties in the form of a dict. The keys of the dict can represent margins or other measurements of the document (left/right margins, header/footer etc) or font styles used in the document (eg. default, title, h1 -- h3). Style values are in turn dicts themselves, with the keys 'family' and 'size'. :param metricspath: The path of a JSON file used as cache for the calculated metrics :type metricspath: str :param plotpath: The path to write a PNG file with histograms for different values (for debugging). :type plotpath: str :param startpage: starting page for the analysis :type startpage: int :param startpage: number of pages to analyze (default: all available) :type startpage: int :param force: Perform analysis even if cached JSON metrics exists. :type force: bool :returns: calculated metrics :rtype: dict The default implementation will try to find out values for the following metrics: ================== =================================================== key description ================== =================================================== leftmargin position of left margin (for odd pages if twopage = True) rightmargin position of right margin (for odd pages if twopage = True) leftmargin_even position of left margin for even pages rightmargin_even position of right margin for right pages topmargin position of header zone bottommargin position of footer zone default style used for default text title style used for main document title (on front page) h1 style used for level 1 headings h2 style used for level 2 headings h3 style used for level 3 headings ================== =================================================== Subclasses might add (or remove) from the above. """ if (not force and metricspath and util.outfile_is_newer([self.pdf.filename], metricspath)): with open(metricspath) as fp: return json.load(fp) if pagecount is None: pagecount = len(self.pdf) - startpage hcounters = self.count_horizontal_margins(startpage, pagecount) vcounters = self.count_vertical_margins(startpage, pagecount) stylecounters = self.count_styles(startpage, pagecount) hmetrics = self.analyze_horizontal_margins(hcounters) vmetrics = self.analyze_vertical_margins(vcounters) stylemetrics = self.analyze_styles(stylecounters) margincounters = dict(chain(hcounters.items(), vcounters.items())) allmetrics = dict(chain(hmetrics.items(), vmetrics.items(), stylemetrics.items())) allmetrics['scanned_source'] = self.scanned_source if plotpath: self.plot(plotpath, margincounters, stylecounters, allmetrics) if metricspath: util.ensure_dir(metricspath) with open(metricspath, "w") as fp: s = json.dumps(allmetrics, indent=4, separators=(', ', ': '), sort_keys=True) fp.write(s) return allmetrics
[docs] def textboxes(self, startpage, pagecount): """Generate a stream of (pagenumber, textbox) tuples consisting of all pages/textboxes from startpage to pagecount. """ for page in self.pdf[startpage:startpage + pagecount]: for textbox in page: yield page.number, textbox
[docs] def count_horizontal_margins(self, startpage, pagecount): """Return a dict of Counter objects for all the horizontally oriented textbox properties (number of textboxes starting/ending at different positions). The set of counters is determined by setup_horizontal_counters. """ counters = self.setup_horizontal_counters() for pagenumber, textbox in self.textboxes(startpage, pagecount): if util.is_roman(pagenumber): pagenumber = util.from_roman(pagenumber) self.count_horizontal_textbox(pagenumber, textbox, counters) for page in self.pdf[startpage:startpage + pagecount]: counters['pagewidth'][page.width] += 1 return counters
[docs] def setup_horizontal_counters(self): """Create initial set of horizontal counters.""" counters = {'leftmargin': Counter(), 'rightmargin': Counter(), 'pagewidth': Counter()} if self.twopage: counters['leftmargin_even'] = Counter() counters['rightmargin_even'] = Counter() return counters
[docs] def count_horizontal_textbox(self, pagenumber, textbox, counters): """Add a single textbox to the set of horizontal counters.""" if self.twopage and pagenumber % 2 == 0: counters['leftmargin_even'][textbox.left] += 1 counters['rightmargin_even'][textbox.right] += 1 else: counters['leftmargin'][textbox.left] += 1 counters['rightmargin'][textbox.right] += 1
[docs] def count_vertical_margins(self, startpage, pagecount): counters = self.setup_vertical_counters() for pagenumber, textbox in self.textboxes(startpage, pagecount): self.count_vertical_textbox(pagenumber, textbox, counters) for page in self.pdf[startpage:startpage + pagecount]: counters['pageheight'][page.height] += 1 return counters
[docs] def setup_vertical_counters(self): counters = {'topmargin': Counter(), 'bottommargin': Counter(), 'pageheight': Counter()} return counters
[docs] def count_vertical_textbox(self, pagenumber, textbox, counters): text = str(textbox).strip() counters['topmargin'][textbox.top] += len(text) counters['bottommargin'][textbox.bottom] += len(text)
[docs] def count_styles(self, startpage, pagecount): c = Counter() for pagenumber, textbox in self.textboxes(startpage, pagecount): self.count_styles_textbox(pagenumber, textbox, c) return c
[docs] def count_styles_textbox(self, pagenumber, textbox, counter): text = str(textbox).strip() fonttuple = (textbox.font.family, textbox.font.size) counter[fonttuple] += len(text)
[docs] def analyze_vertical_margins(self, vcounters): # now find probable header and footer zones. default algorithm: # max 0.2 % of text content can be in the header/footer zone. (on # a page of 2000 chars, only 4 can be in the footer) maxcount = self.header_significance_threshold * sum(vcounters['topmargin'].values()) charcount = 0 for i in range(max(vcounters['pageheight'])): charcount += vcounters['topmargin'].get(i, 0) if charcount > maxcount: header = i - 1 break else: header = maxcount charcount = 0 maxcount = self.footer_significance_threshold * sum(vcounters['topmargin'].values()) for i in range(max(vcounters['pageheight']) - 1, -1, -1): charcount += vcounters['bottommargin'].get(i, 0) if charcount > maxcount: footer = i + 1 break else: footer = maxcount return {'topmargin': header, 'bottommargin': footer, 'pageheight': max(vcounters['pageheight'])}
# subclasses can (should) add metrics like parindent and secondcolumn
[docs] def analyze_horizontal_margins(self, vcounters): vmargins = {} pagewidth = vcounters['pagewidth'].most_common(1)[0][0] midpage = pagewidth / 2 # find the probable left margin = the place where most textboxes start l = self.filterdict(vcounters['leftmargin'], lambda x: x < midpage) r = self.filterdict(vcounters['rightmargin'], lambda x: x > midpage) if l: vmargins['leftmargin'] = self.findmargin(l, trunc_func=floor, quantize=self.scanned_source) if r: vmargins['rightmargin'] = self.findmargin(r, trunc_func=ceil, quantize=True) if self.twopage: le = self.filterdict(vcounters['leftmargin_even'], lambda x: x < midpage) re = self.filterdict(vcounters['rightmargin_even'], lambda x: x > midpage) if le: vmargins['leftmargin_even'] = self.findmargin(le, trunc_func=floor, quantize=self.scanned_source) if re: vmargins['rightmargin_even'] = self.findmargin(re, trunc_func=ceil, quantize=True) vmargins['pagewidth'] = max(vcounters['pagewidth']) return vmargins
[docs] def filterdict(self, counter, filter_func=None): if filter_func is None: filter_func = lambda x: True newcounter = Counter() for x in counter: if filter_func(x): newcounter[x] = counter[x] return newcounter
[docs] def findmargin(self, counter, trunc_func=round, quantize=False): if not quantize: return counter.most_common(1)[0][0] else: # Taking most_common() works badly for scanned sources # which might have 14 left edges (le) starting at 101, 13 # at 103, 9 at 99 and so on, when the "real" leftmargin is # at 100. A naive way is to "quantize" everything by eg # dividing everything by 4 or 10 or something (ie lowering # resolution), finding the most_common of that. # # also, it works bad for right edges in general binsize = 10 # FIXME: make configurable or selfadjusting lowres = Counter() for val in counter: lowresbin = trunc_func(val / binsize) lowres[lowresbin * binsize] += counter[val] # it's entirely possible that two or more bins will have # the same count (or similar -- common when analyzing # three-col-layouts). prevcount = None candidates = [] # a suitable candidate is one within 20 % of the candidate # with the largest count candidate_threshold = lowres.most_common()[0][1] * 0.8 for val, count in lowres.most_common(): if count < candidate_threshold: # ok we're done, select the best candidate if trunc_func == ceil: select_func = max elif trunc_func == floor: select_func = min else: # the average value of all candidates select_func = lambda l: sum(l)/len(l) return select_func(candidates) else: candidates.append(val) prevcount = count return candidates[0] # this should only happen if we only have a single candidate
[docs] def fontsize_key(self, fonttuple): family, size = fonttuple if "Bold" in family: weight = 2 elif "Italic" in family: weight = 1 else: weight = 0 return (size, weight)
[docs] def fontdict(self, fonttuple): return {'family': fonttuple[0], 'size': fonttuple[1]}
[docs] def analyze_styles(self, styles): styledefs = {} # default style: the one that's most common if not styles: # if our document segment contains absolutely no text # (might be the case if a segment consists solely of # scanned, non-ocr pages (more common than you'd like...) return styledefs ds = styles.most_common(1)[0][0] styledefs['default'] = self.fontdict(ds) # h1 - h3: Take all styles larger than or equal to default, # with significant use (each > 0.5% of all chars from page 2 # onwards, as the front page often uses nontypical styles), # then order styles by font size. significantuse = sum(styles.values()) * self.style_significance_threshold sortedstyles = sorted(styles, key=self.fontsize_key, reverse=True) largestyles = [x for x in sortedstyles if (self.fontsize_key(x) > self.fontsize_key(ds) and styles[x] > significantuse)] # smallest font with significant usage and same family as # default, yet significantly smaller (half size or smaller): probably FootNote # Reference Style (fnrs) fnrs = next(iter([x for x in reversed(sortedstyles) if (styles[x] > significantuse and x[0] == ds[0] and x[1] <= (ds[1] / 2))]), None) if fnrs: styledefs['footnoteref'] = self.fontdict(fnrs) for style in ('h1', 'h2', 'h3'): if largestyles: # any left? styledefs[style] = self.fontdict(largestyles.pop(0)) return styledefs
[docs] def drawboxes(self, outfilename, gluefunc=None, startpage=0, pagecount=None, counters=None, metrics=None): """Create a copy of the parsed PDF file, but with the textboxes created by ``gluefunc`` clearly marked, and metrics shown on the page. .. note:: This requires PyPDF2 and reportlab, which aren't installed by default. Reportlab (3.*) only works on py27+ and py33+ """ try: import PyPDF2 from reportlab.pdfgen.canvas import Canvas except ImportError: raise ImportError("You need PyPDF2 and reportlab installed") styles = {} for k, v in metrics.items(): if isinstance(v, dict): styles[(v['family'], v['size'])] = k packet = None output = PyPDF2.PdfFileWriter() fp = open(self.pdf.filename, "rb") existing_pdf = PyPDF2.PdfFileReader(fp) pageidx = 0 tbidx = 0 sf = 2 / 3.0 # scaling factor -- mapping between units produced by # pdftohtml and units used by reportlab dirty = False for tb in self.pdf.textboxes(gluefunc, pageobjects=True): if isinstance(tb, Page): if dirty: canvas.save() packet.seek(0) new_pdf = PyPDF2.PdfFileReader(packet) # print("Merging a new page into %s" % id(existing_page)) # this SHOULD place the new page (that only # contains boxes and lines) on top of the existing # page. Only problem is that the image (from the # existing page) obscures those lines (contrary to # documentation) try: new_page = new_pdf.getPage(0) existing_page.mergePage(new_page) except Exception as e: self.log.error("Couldn't merge page %s: %s: %s" % (pageidx, type(e), e)) output.addPage(existing_page) # alternate way: merge the existing page on top of # the new. This doesn't seem to work any better, # and creates issues with scaling. # # new_page = new_pdf.getPage(0) # new_page.mergePage(existing_page) # output.addPage(new_page) # print("Loading page %s" % pageidx) existing_page = existing_pdf.getPage(pageidx) pageidx += 1 mb = existing_page.mediaBox horizontal_scale = float(mb.getHeight()) / tb.height vertical_scale = float(mb.getWidth()) / tb.width self.log.debug( "Loaded page %s - Scaling %s, %s" % (pageidx, horizontal_scale, vertical_scale)) packet = BytesIO() canvas = Canvas(packet, pagesize=(tb.height, tb.width), bottomup=False) # not sure how the vertical value 50 is derived... canvas.translate(0, 50) canvas.scale(horizontal_scale, vertical_scale) canvas.setStrokeColorRGB(0.2, 0.5, 0.3) # now draw margins on the page for k, v in metrics.items(): if isinstance(v, int): if k in ('topmargin', 'bottommargin', 'pageheight'): # horiz line canvas.line(0, v, tb.width, v) canvas.drawString(0, v, k) else: if ((k.endswith("_even") and (pageidx + 1) % 2 == 1) or (not k.endswith("_even") and (pageidx + 1) % 2 == 0) or (not self.twopage)): # vert line canvas.line(v, 0, v, tb.height) canvas.drawString(v, tb.height - 2, k) # for k, v in counters: # for each area in header, footer, leftmarg[_even], rightmarg[_even]: # select proper counter to draw in each area: # (headercounter->left gutter, # footercounter->right gutter, # leftmargcounter->header, # rightmargcounter->footer) # find the most frequent value in the selected counter, normalize agaist the space in the area # for each value of the counter draw single-width line at correct posiion tbidx = 0 else: tbidx += 1 dirty = True # for each textbox draw a square # add sequence number for textbox in lower right corner # if textbox style matches any in metrics, add the style name in upper lft # corner canvas.rect(tb.left, tb.top, tb.width, tb.height) canvas.drawString(tb.left, tb.top, str(tbidx)) fonttuple = (tb.font.family, tb.font.size) if tb.lines > 1: # need at least 2 lines to calc # linespacing to calculate lineheight, first # estimate size of box except last line, but # including the spacing from the previous # line. Lets hope font.size uses the same scale as # tb.height! (both should use points, right?) linespacing = ((tb.height - (tb.font.size/horizontal_scale)) / (tb.lines - 1)) / tb.font.size else: linespacing = "" if fonttuple in styles: lbl = "%s (%s) %s" % (styles[fonttuple], tb.lines, linespacing) else: lbl = "(%s) %s" % (tb.lines, linespacing) canvas.drawString(tb.right, tb.bottom, lbl) packet.seek(0) canvas.save() new_pdf = PyPDF2.PdfFileReader(packet) # print("Merging final new page into %s" % id(existing_page)) existing_page.mergePage(new_pdf.getPage(0)) output.addPage(existing_page) outputStream = open(outfilename, "wb") output.write(outputStream) outputStream.close() self.log.debug("wrote %s" % outfilename) fp.close()
[docs] def plot(self, filename, margincounters, stylecounters, metrics): try: import matplotlib matplotlib.use('Agg') import matplotlib.pyplot as plt except ImportError: raise ImportError("You need matplotlib installed") # plt.style.use('ggplot') # looks good but makes histograms unreadable matplotlib.rcParams.update({'font.size': 8}) # width, height in inches plt.figure(figsize=((len(margincounters)) * 2, 7)) # if 6 counters: # +0,0--+ +0,1--+ +0,2--+ +0,3--+ # | LM | | LEM | | RM | | REM | # +-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+ # +1,0--+ +1,1--+ +1,2 colspan=2+ # | TM | | BM | | Styles | # +-----+ +-----+ +-------------+ # # if 4 counters: # +0,0--+ +0,1--+ +0,2--+ # | LM | | RM | | TM | # +-----+ +-----+ +-----+ # +1,0--+ +1,1 colspan=2+ # | BM | | Styles | # +-----+ +-------------+ # disregard the pageheight/pagewidth counters pagewidth = max(margincounters['pagewidth']) del margincounters['pagewidth'] pageheight = max(margincounters['pageheight']) del margincounters['pageheight'] if len(margincounters) == 4: coords = ((0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2), (1, 0), (1, 1)) grid = (2, 3) elif len(margincounters) == 6: coords = ((0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2), (0, 3), (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2)) grid = (2, 4) else: # FIXME: make this dynamic raise ValueError("Can't layout other # of counters than 4 or 6") marginplots = [plt.subplot2grid(grid, pos) for pos in coords[:-1]] self.plot_margins(marginplots, margincounters, metrics, pagewidth, pageheight) styleplot = plt.subplot2grid(grid, coords[-1], colspan=2) self.plot_styles(styleplot, stylecounters, metrics, plt) util.ensure_dir(filename) plt.savefig(filename, dpi=150) self.log.debug("wrote %s" % filename)
[docs] def plot_margins(self, subplots, margin_counters, metrics, pagewidth, pageheight): for (idx, counterkey) in enumerate(sorted(margin_counters.keys())): # print("Making plot for %s" % counterkey) # leftmargin_even => left # topmargin => top plot = subplots[idx] series = list(margin_counters[counterkey].elements()) size = pagewidth if "left" in counterkey or "right" in counterkey else pageheight # this is ridiculiously slow. Maybe ordinary bar charts # are faster? bins = plot.hist(series, bins=int(size/10), range=(0, size)) plot.set_title(counterkey) for k, v in metrics.items(): # FIXME: How annotate parindent, 2col etc ? if counterkey == k: label = "%s=%s" % (k, v) # leftmargin=102 # print(" plotting annotation %s" % label) plot.annotate(label, xy=(v, 100), xytext=(v * 0.5, 100), arrowprops={'arrowstyle': '->'})
[docs] def plot_styles(self, plot, stylecounter, metrics, plt): # do a additive vhist. FIXME: label those styles identified in # metrics stylenames = [style[0].replace("TimesNewRomanPS", "Times") + "@" + str(style[1]) for style, count in stylecounter.most_common()] stylecounts = [count for style, count in stylecounter.most_common()] # need access to plt. plt.yticks(range(len(stylenames)), stylenames) plot.barh(range(len(stylenames)), stylecounts, log=True) plot.set_title("Font usage", fontdict={'fontsize': 8})